Forces, Momentum & Rotation
Every forces, momentum & rotation calculator on CalcEngines — each with its formula, a worked example, the standard it follows and the assumptions it makes.
8 calculators in this section
- Atwood Machine and Connected Bodies CalculatorTwo bodies on one string share one acceleration and one tension, and that is the whole method: write Newton's second law once for each body, add the equations, and the tension cancels. This does both standard arrangements — both masses hanging, or one on a table with friction — and prints the tension, which is never the weight of either body.
- Banking of Roads Calculator: Ideal Speed, With and Without FrictionA banked road has one speed at which no friction is needed at all — v = √(rg tan θ) — and a whole range of speeds it will tolerate once friction is allowed. This gives the ideal speed, the maximum before sliding out, the minimum before sliding in, and the bank angle a road would need for the speed you type.
- Collisions Calculator: Elastic, Inelastic and the Coefficient of RestitutionOne number decides every head-on collision between two bodies: e, the coefficient of restitution, which is 1 for elastic, 0 for a perfectly inelastic collision where they stick, and anything in between for the real world. Give both masses, both signed velocities and e, and this returns both final velocities, the energy lost, and the momentum check.
- Impulse and Change of Momentum CalculatorImpulse is the change in momentum, and the marks are in the signs. A ball that arrives at 25 m/s and leaves at 15 m/s the other way has changed its momentum by 40 m/s worth, not by 10 — this takes signed velocities, gives you the impulse, the average force and how many times the body's own weight that force is.
- Inclined Plane Calculator: Components, Normal Force and AccelerationThe normal force on a slope is mg cos θ, not mg — and that single factor is where most inclined-plane marks are lost, because the friction available depends on it. This resolves the weight along and across the slope, works out how much friction that buys you, and gives the acceleration left over. The angle of repose comes with it.
- Net Force and Newton’s Second Law CalculatorGive three forces with their directions and this adds them as vectors: the resultant's magnitude, the angle it points in, and the acceleration it produces. F = ma is the last line of that, not the first — the marks are in the resolving, and in knowing that a resultant of zero means constant velocity and not necessarily rest.
- Torque, Moment of Inertia and Angular Acceleration Calculatorτ = Iα is Newton's second law with every quantity swapped for its rotational twin: torque for force, moment of inertia for mass, angular acceleration for acceleration. Pick a shape, give a mass, a radius and a torque, and this builds the moment of inertia, the angular acceleration, the speed after a given time, and the radius of gyration.
- Will It Move? Static vs Kinetic Friction CalculatorStatic friction is not a force with a value; it is a force with a maximum. This compares the push you have along the surface with the μs·N available to resist it and tells you which side of the threshold you are on — and it asks first whether the body is already sliding, because if it is, the static coefficient is the wrong number entirely.