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Alpha-1-Microglobulin Converter
Alpha-1-Microglobulin (A1M), also known as protein HC, is a low molecular weight glycoprotein (approximately 26 kDa) synthesized in the liver. In the blood, it exists in free form or bound to IgA. Free A1M passes freely through the glomerular membrane of the kidney and is almost completely reabsorbed and catabolized by the proximal renal tubules.
Because it is handled primarily by the proximal tubules, urinary A1M is a highly sensitive marker for proximal tubular damage. Unlike albumin, which signals glomerular damage, elevated A1M indicates issues with tubular reabsorption, often seen in heavy metal toxicity, antibiotic nephrotoxicity, or early diabetic nephropathy. It is stable in acidic urine, making it a reliable alternative to Beta-2-Microglobulin.[Image of nephron structure showing tubular reabsorption]
SI Units
RecommendedMilligrams per liter (Standard Clinical Unit).
Conventional Units
*Molar conversion assumes free A1M MW ≈ 26,000 Da.
Clinical Context
Urinary A1M is often measured as a ratio to creatinine to correct for urine dilution. Normal excretion is typically < 12 mg/L (or < 7 mg/g creatinine). Elevations are an early warning sign of tubular dysfunction found in conditions like preeclampsia, cadmium exposure, and interstitial nephritis.
Serum A1M levels may rise in renal failure due to decreased filtration. Unlike Beta-2-Microglobulin, A1M does not degrade in urine with low pH, making sample collection and handling easier.
Clinical References
How to Use This Calculator
Follow these steps to get accurate clinical conversions instantly.
Enter Values
Input your laboratory results into the corresponding unit field (e.g., mg/L). You can use either dot or comma decimals.
Automatic Conversion
The calculator works in real-time. As you type in one field, all other units (like mg/dL) are instantly updated.
Verify Units
Check the SI Units section. For A1M, mg/L is the standard reporting unit.
Reset
Use the Clear button to reset all fields before starting a new calculation.
Frequently Asked Questions & Tips
This converter works for both fluid types as the units (mg/L, mg/dL) are concentration-based and identical.
Proteins vary slightly in weight. Mass units (mg/L) are preferred for standardization in clinical chemistry.